For adventurers seeking the ultimate combination of physical challenge and awe-inspiring scenery, trekking offers an unparalleled experience. From the towering peaks of the Alps to the remote wilderness of the Himalayas, the world’s most breathtaking landscapes beckon to those willing to lace up their boots and hit the trail. These iconic routes not only test your endurance but also reward you with stunning vistas, diverse ecosystems, and cultural encounters that will leave an indelible mark on your soul.
Iconic alpine routes: from mont blanc to the matterhorn
The European Alps have long been a mecca for trekkers, offering a perfect blend of challenging terrain, spectacular scenery, and rich mountaineering history. Three routes, in particular, stand out as must-do experiences for any serious hiker.
Tour du mont blanc: circumnavigating western europe’s highest peak
The Tour du Mont Blanc (TMB) is arguably the most famous long-distance trek in Europe, circling the Mont Blanc massif and passing through France, Italy, and Switzerland. This 170-kilometer journey typically takes 7-11 days to complete, offering hikers a diverse range of landscapes and cultures along the way.
As you trek through alpine meadows, cross high mountain passes, and descend into lush valleys, you’ll be treated to breathtaking views of glaciers, jagged peaks, and charming mountain villages. The route also allows you to experience the unique blend of French, Italian, and Swiss Alpine cultures, from the hearty cuisine to the warm hospitality of mountain refuges.
The Tour du Mont Blanc is not just a physical journey, but a cultural odyssey that will change your perspective on mountain life and the power of nature.
Haute route: chamonix to zermatt traverse
For those seeking a more challenging Alpine adventure, the Haute Route from Chamonix to Zermatt offers a spectacular high-level traverse between two of the most iconic mountain towns in the Alps. This 180-kilometer route takes approximately 12-14 days and crosses 11 high passes, providing trekkers with a true high-altitude experience.
The Haute Route showcases some of the most dramatic scenery in the Alps, including views of famous peaks like the Dent Blanche and the Weisshorn. You’ll navigate glaciers, scramble over rocky terrain, and possibly even need to use crampons and ice axes in some sections, making this trek a step up in difficulty from the TMB.
One of the unique aspects of the Haute Route is the opportunity to stay in historic mountain huts, some of which have been welcoming alpinists for over a century. These refuges not only provide a comfortable place to rest but also offer a glimpse into the rich mountaineering tradition of the Alps.
Matterhorn circuit: exploring the iconic pyramid peak
The Matterhorn, with its distinctive pyramid shape, is perhaps the most recognizable mountain in the world. The Matterhorn Circuit, also known as the Tour of the Matterhorn, offers trekkers a chance to circle this iconic peak while exploring the surrounding valleys and passes.
This 145-kilometer route typically takes 9-10 days and crosses between Switzerland and Italy multiple times. Along the way, you’ll encounter a variety of landscapes, from lush meadows and forests to barren, rocky terrain high above the tree line. The trek also passes through several traditional Alpine villages, allowing you to experience the local culture and cuisine.
One of the highlights of the Matterhorn Circuit is the opportunity to view the mountain from various angles, each offering a unique perspective on its imposing form. The route also includes several other notable peaks, such as the Dent Blanche and the Weisshorn, providing a comprehensive tour of the region’s most impressive mountains.
Himalayan treks: conquering the roof of the world
For many trekkers, the Himalayas represent the ultimate challenge and reward. Home to the world’s highest peaks and some of its most ancient cultures, this mountain range offers an unparalleled trekking experience.
Everest base camp: journey to the foot of sagarmatha
The trek to Everest Base Camp is a bucket-list adventure for many hikers, offering the chance to walk in the footsteps of legendary mountaineers and witness the world’s highest peak up close. This 130-kilometer round trip typically takes 12-14 days, allowing for proper acclimatization to the high altitude.
Beginning in the town of Lukla, the trail winds through the Khumbu region, passing through Sherpa villages, crossing suspension bridges over raging rivers, and offering increasingly spectacular views of the Himalayan giants. Along the way, you’ll have the opportunity to visit ancient Buddhist monasteries and experience the unique culture of the Sherpa people.
The trek culminates at Everest Base Camp itself, situated at an altitude of 5,364 meters. While you won’t see the summit of Everest from here, the nearby Kala Patthar viewpoint offers stunning panoramas of the entire Everest massif.
Standing at the foot of Everest, surrounded by some of the highest mountains on Earth, is a humbling experience that puts human achievement and the raw power of nature into perspective.
Annapurna circuit: diverse landscapes of the annapurna massif
The Annapurna Circuit is often cited as one of the most diverse and beautiful treks in the world. This 160-230 kilometer route (depending on where you start and finish) typically takes 15-20 days to complete and offers an incredible variety of landscapes and cultures.
Starting in lush subtropical forests, the trail gradually ascends through terraced farmland, arid landscapes reminiscent of Tibet, and finally into the high alpine zone. The highlight of the trek is crossing the Thorong La pass at 5,416 meters, which offers breathtaking views of the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri ranges.
One of the unique aspects of the Annapurna Circuit is the cultural diversity you’ll encounter. The trek passes through regions inhabited by Gurung, Manange, and Thakali people, each with their own distinct traditions and cuisines. This cultural immersion, combined with the ever-changing scenery, makes the Annapurna Circuit a truly unforgettable experience.
Kanchenjunga base camp: eastern himalayan wilderness trek
For those seeking a more off-the-beaten-path Himalayan adventure, the trek to Kanchenjunga Base Camp offers a journey into one of the most remote and pristine regions of Nepal. Kanchenjunga, the world’s third-highest peak, straddles the border between Nepal and India, and the trek to its base camp is a challenging but rewarding expedition.
This 190-kilometer round trip typically takes about 20 days and requires a good level of fitness and prior trekking experience. The route passes through dense forests, across high mountain passes, and along glacial moraines, offering a true wilderness experience.
One of the unique aspects of this trek is the opportunity to visit both the north and south base camps of Kanchenjunga, each offering a different perspective on this massive mountain. The region is also home to diverse wildlife, including the elusive snow leopard and red panda, though sightings are rare.
South american adventures: andes to patagonia
South America offers some of the most diverse and spectacular trekking opportunities in the world, from ancient Incan trails to the rugged wilderness of Patagonia.
Inca trail to machu picchu: ancient paths to the lost city
The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is not just a trek; it’s a journey through history. This 43-kilometer route typically takes 4 days and follows ancient stone pathways laid by the Incas, culminating in the awe-inspiring ruins of Machu Picchu.
Along the way, you’ll pass through diverse ecosystems, from cloud forests to alpine tundra, and encounter numerous Incan ruins and archaeological sites. The trail crosses several high passes, with the highest being Dead Woman’s Pass at 4,215 meters.
What sets the Inca Trail apart is the sense of anticipation as you approach Machu Picchu. Arriving at the Sun Gate at dawn on the final day, with the lost city spread out below you, is a moment that stays with trekkers for a lifetime.
Torres del paine W trek: patagonian fjords and glaciers
The W Trek in Torres del Paine National Park is considered one of the most beautiful hikes in the world. This 80-kilometer route typically takes 4-5 days and showcases the best of Patagonian scenery, including towering granite peaks, turquoise lakes, and massive glaciers.
The trek is named for its W-shaped route, which takes hikers into three spectacular valleys. Highlights include the iconic view of the Torres (towers) themselves, the French Valley with its amphitheater of peaks and hanging glaciers, and the massive Grey Glacier calving icebergs into Lake Grey.
One of the unique aspects of the W Trek is the variety of accommodation options, from basic campsites to comfortable refugios (mountain lodges), allowing trekkers to choose their preferred level of comfort and challenge.
Huayhuash circuit: cordillera huayhuash’s pristine beauty
For those seeking a more remote and challenging South American trek, the Huayhuash Circuit in Peru offers an unforgettable adventure. This 130-kilometer loop typically takes 8-12 days and circles the Cordillera Huayhuash, a compact but spectacular mountain range.
The trek is known for its stunning mountain scenery, with seven peaks over 6,000 meters visible along the route. You’ll cross high passes (the highest being Cuyoc Pass at 5,000 meters), camp beside pristine alpine lakes, and have the chance to soak in natural hot springs.
What sets the Huayhuash Circuit apart is its remoteness and pristine nature. Unlike more popular treks, you’ll encounter few other hikers here, allowing for a true wilderness experience. The challenging terrain and high altitude make this a trek for experienced hikers, but the rewards are well worth the effort.
North american wilderness: from the rockies to alaska
North America boasts some of the world’s most stunning wilderness areas, offering trekkers the chance to explore vast, untamed landscapes.
John muir trail: sierra nevada’s backcountry marvel
The John Muir Trail (JMT) is a 340-kilometer trek through the heart of California’s Sierra Nevada mountains. Named after the famous naturalist John Muir, this trail showcases some of the most spectacular scenery in the continental United States.
Starting in Yosemite Valley and ending atop Mount Whitney, the highest peak in the lower 48 states, the JMT typically takes 15-21 days to complete. Along the way, you’ll pass through pristine wilderness areas, climb several high passes, and camp beside crystal-clear alpine lakes.
One of the unique aspects of the JMT is its accessibility combined with its wilderness feel. Despite passing through some of the most beautiful parts of three national parks (Yosemite, Kings Canyon, and Sequoia), much of the trail feels remote and untouched.
Chilkoot trail: gold rush history in alaska’s rugged terrain
The Chilkoot Trail offers a unique blend of natural beauty and historical significance. This 53-kilometer trail follows the route taken by prospectors during the Klondike Gold Rush of the late 1890s, starting in Dyea, Alaska, and ending at Bennett Lake in British Columbia, Canada.
Typically completed in 3-5 days, the trail climbs from coastal rainforest to alpine tundra, crossing the international border at the summit of Chilkoot Pass. Along the way, you’ll encounter remnants of the Gold Rush era, including abandoned equipment and the ruins of boom towns.
What sets the Chilkoot Trail apart is its historical narrative. As you climb the infamous “Golden Stairs” to the pass, you’ll gain a deep appreciation for the determination of the gold seekers who made this journey over a century ago, often making multiple trips to haul their required ton of supplies.
West coast trail: vancouver island’s coastal challenge
The West Coast Trail on Vancouver Island offers a challenging but rewarding coastal trek through pristine temperate rainforest. This 75-kilometer trail typically takes 6-8 days to complete and showcases the rugged beauty of Canada’s Pacific coast.
The trail alternates between sandy beaches, rocky headlands, and dense forest. You’ll climb ladders up steep cliffs, cross rivers on cable cars or suspension bridges, and navigate through deep mud in places. The payoff is stunning coastal scenery, including old-growth forests, waterfalls, and the chance to spot whales and sea lions from shore.
One of the unique aspects of the West Coast Trail is its rich First Nations history. The trail passes through the traditional territories of the Huu-ay-aht, Ditidaht, and Pacheedaht First Nations, and hikers have the opportunity to learn about their culture and connection to the land.
New zealand’s great walks: fjordland to volcanic landscapes
New Zealand is renowned for its stunning landscapes and well-maintained trail systems, with the country’s Great Walks representing some of the best multi-day treks in the world.
Milford track: journey through fiordland national park
Often called the “finest walk in the world,” the Milford Track is a 53.5-kilometer journey through the heart of New Zealand’s Fiordland National Park. This 4-day trek takes you from Lake Te Anau to Milford Sound, passing through pristine rainforests, past cascading waterfalls, and over alpine passes.
The highlight of the trek is crossing Mackinnon Pass, which offers panoramic views of the surrounding peaks and valleys. The descent from the pass takes you past the stunning Sutherland Falls, one of the highest waterfalls in New Zealand.
What sets the Milford Track apart is its perfect blend of accessibility and wilderness. Despite its popularity, strict limits on hiker numbers mean you’ll often feel like you have the trail to yourself, especially outside of the hut areas.
Tongariro northern circuit: volcanic wonders of the north island
The Tongariro Northern Circuit is a 43-kilometer loop that takes 3-4 days to complete, circling the active volcanoes of Mount Ngauruhoe and Mount Tongariro in the central North Island. This trek offers a unique opportunity to explore an active volcanic landscape, with steaming vents, colorful crater lakes, and otherworldly rock formations.
The highlight of the trek is the Tongariro Alpine Crossing, often considered one of the best day walks in the world. This section of the trail passes between Mount Tongariro and Mount Ngauruhoe, offering stunning views of the Emerald Lakes and the Red Crater.
One of the unique aspects of this trek is its cultural significance to the local Māori people. The mountains are considered sacred, and trekking here offers an opportunity to learn about and respect these cultural values.
Routeburn track: alpine vistas of mount aspiring national park
The Routeburn Track is a 32-kilometer trek that typically takes 2-4 days to complete, traversing both Mount Aspiring and Fiordland National Parks. This trek offers a diverse range of landscapes, from lush beech forests to alpine meadows and crystal-clear lakes.
One of the highlights of the Routeburn Track is the views from Harris Saddle, the highest point of the trek. From here, you can see panoramic views of the Darran Mountains and the Hollyford Valley stretching out to the Tasman Sea.
What sets the Routeburn apart is its accessibility combined with its stunning alpine scenery. Despite being one of the easier Great Walks in terms of terrain, it offers some of the most spectacular mountain views in New Zealand, making it an ideal choice for those new to multi-day t
rekking.
The Routeburn Track also offers excellent opportunities for wildlife viewing, including native birds like the kea (alpine parrot) and the New Zealand robin. The well-maintained huts along the route provide comfortable accommodation and a chance to meet fellow trekkers from around the world.
The Routeburn Track offers a perfect introduction to New Zealand’s alpine landscapes, combining stunning scenery with relatively easy hiking conditions.
Each of these iconic trekking routes offers a unique blend of natural beauty, physical challenge, and cultural experience. Whether you’re drawn to the towering peaks of the Alps, the remote wilderness of the Himalayas, the ancient paths of the Andes, or the diverse landscapes of New Zealand, these treks promise unforgettable adventures and breathtaking vistas that will stay with you long after your journey ends.
As you plan your trekking adventure, remember to prepare adequately, respect local cultures and environments, and always prioritize safety. With proper preparation and an open mind, these trails will not only challenge you physically but also provide transformative experiences that connect you deeply with the natural world and your own capabilities.